Women, Peace and Security (WPS) National Action Plans (NAPs) are now a well-established policy tool, yet their impact – particularly on women’s meaningful participation in security institutions – remains uneven.

This research finds that MOWIP is widely valued as an analytical tool – but still underutilised – as a tool for strengthening WPS-NAP commitments relating to women’s meaningful participation in security sector institutions and peacekeeping operations.

A core goal of MOWIP is to identify barriers and opportunities across institutional, cultural, operational and normative dimensions within deploying security institutions.

Where alignment with WPS-NAP is intentional, MOWIP can sharpen participation commitments, improve accountability and strengthen institutional ownership.